Transplant

Should be transplanted every 2 or 3 years at the beginning of spring, just a bit before it starts sprouting of the year when the buds are swollen but not yet open. Specimens older and already formed can be transplanted less frequently, every 4 or 5 years.

During the transplant should clean up any part of it rotten roots and prune unwanted branches to reduce their cup. Should not prune too many roots, but root pruning is very strong, it would remove leaves in the same proportion as the roots removed. If in doubt about how much you have to prune roots, a trick sure not to damage the tree is to leave 1 / 3 more volume from aerial roots (crown), although it is always best to ask an expert, another amateur or simply do not prune any roots until you are sure. Prevents drying out the roots in contact with air during the duration of the transplant, prune roots by avoiding direct sunlight or in a wind or air currents.

It is not mandatory, but if you use rooting hormone with fungicide facilitate the success of transplantation to stimulate root development. You must be as fast as possible during the transplant and prevent the roots from drying out by being too long in contact with air.

A good mixture of substrate for spruce could be a mixture of land with 30% coarse sand or equivalent material (volcanic soil, etc..), 10% peat and 60% of topsoil, or any of the mixtures we can find in specialty stores, for example, bidama .

Do not forget that the land used should always be new and clean and never reused in other crops to avoid contamination (fungi, diseases, pests, etc.). That would have affected other trees.